What is ISO 27001?
The international standard for Information Security Management Systems (ISMS) — a certifiable framework for managing information-security risk.
Also known as
ISO 27001 — explained.
ISO/IEC 27001 is the international standard for an Information Security Management System (ISMS). Unlike PCI DSS (a list of controls) or HIPAA (a regulation), ISO 27001 is a framework for managing information-security risk — the operator defines a scope, performs a risk assessment, selects controls (typically from Annex A's 93 controls in the 2022 revision), implements them, monitors effectiveness, and continually improves. Certification is awarded by accredited third-party auditors after a Stage 1 (documentation) and Stage 2 (implementation) audit, then surveillance audits annually. The certificate is valid for three years and is widely accepted by enterprise procurement as evidence of mature security practice. The 2022 revision restructured Annex A around four control themes (organisational, people, physical, technological) and added 11 new controls for cloud security, threat intelligence, secure development, and physical-security monitoring. For software vendors, an ISO 27001 certified posture is increasingly a procurement prerequisite — particularly for banking, government, healthcare, and any enterprise customer in a regulated sector.
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Adjacent definitions to read next.
GDPR
Compliance & DataThe EU's data-protection regulation — establishes consent, purpose-limitation, residency, breach-notification, and the data-subject rights regime.
PDPL
Compliance & DataPersonal Data Protection Law — the data-protection regime in Saudi Arabia (and equivalents in the UAE and several Gulf states).
HIPAA
Compliance & DataThe US healthcare-data-protection law governing Protected Health Information (PHI) — covers privacy, security, breach notification, and business-associate agreements.
PCI DSS
Compliance & DataThe Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard — the security baseline that any system handling card data must meet.
CCPA / CPRA
Compliance & DataCalifornia's data-protection law — and the CPRA amendment in force since 2023 — establishing data-subject rights for California residents.
Cyber Essentials
Compliance & DataThe UK NCSC's baseline cybersecurity certification — a five-control posture (firewalls, secure config, access control, malware, patches) increasingly required for UK government contracts.
Data Subject Access Request (DSAR)
Compliance & DataThe data-subject's right to request a copy of all personal data an operator holds about them, plus deletion, correction and processing-restriction rights — under GDPR, PDPL and equivalent laws.
Explicit Consent
Compliance & DataConsent that is specific, informed, unambiguous and given by a clear affirmative action — separate tickboxes per purpose, not bundled — required under GDPR, PDPL and equivalent laws.
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